When God made His promise to Abraham, since He had no one greater to swear by, He swore by Himself,
Τῷ γὰρ Ἀβραὰμ ἐπαγγειλάμενος ὁ Θεός, ἐπεὶ κατ᾿ οὐδενὸς εἶχε μείζονος ὀμόσαι, ὤμοσε καθ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ,